A pronoun is a word that can stand in
for a person or thing.
In English we say:
I • you • we • he
Sanskrit has corresponding forms.
Today we will learn only a few of
the most useful beginner forms.
We will not study all their grammatical
forms yet. We will simply learn to
recognise and use them.
🪷 Four words to begin
अहम्
aham
I
त्वम्
tvam
you
वयम्
vayam
we
सः
saḥ
he / that
These are standard subject forms:
अहम् “I”,
त्वम् “you”,
वयम् “we”, and
सः “he / that” in a masculine
context. :contentReference[oaicite:1]{index=1}
👤 Who is speaking?
First person
अहम्
I
Second person
त्वम्
You
First person plural
वयम्
We
A useful way to remember them:
अहम् — I am speaking.
त्वम् — I am speaking to you.
वयम् — I am speaking about myself and others together.
🔗 Remember Lesson 5
In the previous lesson we saw:
अहं गच्छामि।
ahaṃ gacchāmi
I go.
त्वं गच्छसि।
tvaṃ gacchasi
You go.
वयं गच्छामः।
vayaṃ gacchāmaḥ
We go.
Notice how the pronoun and verb
work together.
अहम् → गच्छामि
त्वम् → गच्छसि
वयम् → गच्छामः
We are beginning to see the relationship
between a subject and its verb.
👁️ When we speak about someone
Now suppose we are speaking about
another person.
We can use:
सः गच्छति।
saḥ gacchati
He goes.
Here:
सः — he / that
गच्छति — goes
The third-person pronoun
सः is a common form
derived from the Sanskrit pronoun
तद्. :contentReference[oaicite:2]{index=2}
🌼 See the pattern
अहम्
→
गच्छामि
त्वम्
→
गच्छसि
वयम्
→
गच्छामः
सः
→
गच्छति
Do not worry about learning all the
grammar behind these endings yet.
Simply observe the pattern.
The person changes.
The verb changes with it.
🪷 Meet the Pronouns
Tap each word and become familiar
with its meaning.
अहम्
aham — I
🌱 One beautiful feature of Sanskrit
Sanskrit often gives enough information
through the verb itself that the pronoun
may sometimes be omitted when the meaning
is already clear. :contentReference[oaicite:3]{index=3}
For example:
गच्छामि।
can mean:
I go.
The form गच्छामि already
tells us that the speaker is saying
“I go.”
We will explore this more as our learning
progresses.
🧠 Quick Check
Choose the correct answer.
Question 1
Which means I?
Question 2
Which means you?
Question 3
Which means we?
Question 4
What does सः गच्छति mean?
Question 5
Which means We go?
🪷 Manana — Contemplate
🌱
अहम् — I
त्वम् — You
वयम् — We
सः — He / That
Language gives us a way
to recognise relationship.
“I” is not alone.
There is “you”.
There is “we”.
And there is the one
about whom we speak.
Let these simple words
become familiar before
moving deeper.
🌼 Another step forward
You now know four important
Sanskrit pronouns:
अहम् — I
त्वम् — You
वयम् — We
सः — He / That
And you have already begun
using them in sentences.